Located in the mountains of the Caucasus region, the Gelati Monastery is a significant historical site in Georgia. Founded in 1106 by King David IV of Georgia, also known as David the Builder, the monastery is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and a testament to the country’s rich cultural heritage.
The Monastery of Gelati is a masterpiece of the Golden Age of medieval Georgia. This was a period of political strength and economic growth between the 11th and 13th centuries. It was one of the largest medieval Orthodox monasteries, a centre of science and education and the Academy it housed was one of the most important centres of culture in Georgia.
Today the buildings bathe in bright winter sunlight. Although the sunlight that has no warmth, it seems fitting of the past glory of the site.
Church of the Virgin the Blessed
Indeed, the main church, despite its splendour, holds no warmth either. The Gelati Monastery’s main church, the Church of the Virgin the Blessed, originates from the 12th century. This was under the reign of King David IV of Georgia. It is a fine example of medieval Georgian architecture and considered a masterpiece of the Georgian Golden Age.
Constructed of stone, the building features a central dome supported by four columns. The exterior is decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures which showcase the skill and craftsmanship of the artisans who worked here. Characterized by the facade of large, smoothly hewn blocks, balanced proportions and blind arches for exterior decoration.
Inside the church, visitors can marvel at the frescoes that adorn the walls and ceilings. The frescoes depict scenes from the Bible, including the life of Christ, and are painted in vibrant colours that have remained remarkably well-preserved over the centuries.
Worship at the Gelati Monastery follows the traditions of the Georgian Orthodox Church, with regular services held in the main church. Pilgrims and visitors come from far and wide to pray and worship at the monastery, which is considered a sacred and holy site in Georgia.
The Old Orthodox Church
Behind the main church is the old Orthodox Church. Almost as elaborate as the main church, the decoration and frescoes of the old Orthodox Church are divine. Smaller yet more intimate, this structure is equally beautiful and just as ornately decorated.
King David The Builder
One of the most notable features of the Gelati Monastery is the tomb of King David himself.
King David IV was a revered figure in Georgian history, known for his successful military campaigns that expanded the kingdom’s borders and for his efforts to strengthen the country’s religious institutions. His tomb is located within the monastery’s main church, and serves as a reminder of his contribution to Georgia’s history.
Another fascinating aspect of the Gelati Monastery is the Ottoman door, a relic from the 17th century when the monastery was occupied by the Ottoman Empire. The door, adorned with intricate carvings and designs, is a symbol of the monastery’s resilience and survival through various periods of conflict and occupation.
The Academy
The Gelati Monastery was not just a place of worship, but also a centre of learning and education. It served as an important academy where students came to study theology, philosophy, and other subjects under the guidance of the monks. The monastery’s library housed a vast collection of manuscripts, some of which date back to the medieval period.
In addition to their scholarly pursuits, the monks of the Gelati Monastery were also known for their winemaking skills. The monastery’s vineyards produced high-quality wine that was highly sought after throughout the region. The monks utilized traditional methods of winemaking, using clay vessels known as qvevris to ferment and store the wine.
There are trapdoors at the end of the hall that lead to the cellars where the wine was cellared and food and other items were stored.
The four points in the ceiling under the Academy’s porch entrance are repeated in many aspects of the building’s stonework and decoration. Not only a reference to the compass, they also reflect the four apostles – Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. A fitting reference to both the science and the religion behind this historic place of learning and worship.
Perched high up on the hill overlooking the valley towards Kutaisi, monasteries were generally built on hillsides as a way to find solitude. This helped the monks focus on prayer and to distance themselves from worldly objects and matters.
Daily Life
The daily life at the Gelati Monastery was marked by prayer, study, and work. The monks followed a strict routine of prayers and services throughout the day. These began before dawn and continued late into the evening. In between their devotions, the monks engaged in various tasks such as tending to the vineyards, maintaining the buildings, and preparing meals for the community.
Despite the passage of centuries and the many challenges faced, the Gelati Monastery remains a place of spiritual significance and cultural importance in Georgia. The monastery continues to attract visitors from around the world. Those who come to admire its stunning architecture, learn about its history, and experience the peaceful atmosphere that pervades the site are not disappointed. As a symbol of Georgia’s enduring heritage, the Gelati Monastery stands as a testament to the country’s rich past and the enduring faith of its people.
Good To Know
Overall, the Gelati Monastery is a true gem of Georgian architecture, art and history. It provides a glimpse into the rich past and religious heritage of the region.
Despite this and not fooled by the name (and so with no promise of ice cream), I was unable to coax my two boys from the car to visit this wonderful monastery. Nevertheless, it’s only a short drive from Kutaisi and well worth the visit if you’re into the monastery thing. See also:
Would I Return?
Yes.
